{"id":2408,"date":"2026-03-11T17:34:43","date_gmt":"2026-03-11T14:34:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/?p=2408"},"modified":"2026-03-11T17:34:43","modified_gmt":"2026-03-11T14:34:43","slug":"kurtulus-siddetin-kulturlesmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/?p=2408","title":{"rendered":"Kurtulu\u015f: \u015eiddetin K\u00fclt\u00fcrle\u015fmesi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>11.03.2026  17:32<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Koruculuk sistemini, k\u00f6y yakmalar\u0131n\u0131, k\u00f6yde ya\u015fanan sava\u015f\u0131n deh\u015fetini ve \u00f6l\u00fcmleri birebir deneyimlemi\u015f biri olarak Emin Alper\u2019in kurdu\u011fu d\u00fcnyaya girmek benim i\u00e7in kolay de\u011fil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda koruculu\u011fu reddetti\u011fimiz i\u00e7in k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00e7e\u015fitli gerek\u00e7eler \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclerek yak\u0131ld\u0131. \u00dcstelik bu yaln\u0131zca bir kez olmad\u0131; tam \u00fc\u00e7 kez gelip k\u00f6y\u00fc ate\u015fe verdiler. Biz k\u00f6yden ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra ise yerle\u015fim yeri sistematik bi\u00e7imde talan edildi. \u00c7evredeki korucu k\u00f6yler, askerler ve farkl\u0131 i\u015fbirlik\u00e7iler, sahipsiz kalan k\u00f6yde a\u011fa\u00e7tan ta\u015fa ne varsa ya\u011fmalad\u0131. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rant elde ettiler. Bizim hayatlar\u0131m\u0131z karanl\u0131\u011fa s\u00fcr\u00fcklenirken, onlar kendilerine yeni bir d\u00fczen kurdular.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2000\u2019li y\u0131llardan sonra k\u00f6ye geri d\u00f6nenler de oldu. Ancak geri d\u00f6nenlerin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 bu kez koruculu\u011fa dahil edildi. K\u00f6yde J\u0130TEM\u2019i and\u0131ran uygulamalar geli\u015fti ve ortam daha da gerildi. Temiz duygularla k\u00f6y\u00fcne d\u00f6nmek isteyen bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi yeniden oradan uzakla\u015fmak zorunda kald\u0131. T\u00fcm bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin merkezinde devletin bulundu\u011funu hepimiz \u00e7ok iyi biliyoruz. Ya\u015fananlar\u0131n siyasal, toplumsal ve ekolojik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da ortada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu ki\u015fisel arka plan\u0131 \u00f6zellikle anlat\u0131yorum \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc yak\u0131n zamanda Emin Alper\u2019in&nbsp;<em>Kurtulu\u015f<\/em>&nbsp;filmini izledim. Y\u00f6netmenin di\u011fer filmlerini de takip etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan biri olarak benim as\u0131l merak etti\u011fim, filmin K\u00fcrtl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn sosyolojisiyle kurdu\u011fu ili\u015fkinin nas\u0131l bir frekans yakalad\u0131\u011f\u0131yd\u0131. Ancak kendi perspektifimden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tablo pek de parlak g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015e\u00f6yle ki;<strong><br><\/strong>Politik sinema tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda s\u0131kl\u0131kla g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lan temel bir a\u00e7maz \u201ckameran\u0131n neyi g\u00f6sterdi\u011finden ziyade, neyi kadraj\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.\u201d \u00d6zellikle K\u00fcrt co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131 ve bu co\u011frafyadaki tarihsel yaralar\u0131 konu alan filmlere d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sahnede \u00e7ok fazla ac\u0131, kan ve trajedi g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. K\u00fcrt \u00f6zne g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, ac\u0131 \u00e7eker, konu\u015fur (asl\u0131nda genellikle konu\u015fmuyordur) ve hatta su\u00e7 i\u015fler; ancak kendi tarihini kuran ve adland\u0131ran bir politik \u00f6zne olarak orada var olamaz. Bu durum salt eksik bir temsil meselesi de\u011fil; failin bilerek sisle\u015ftirildi\u011fi, silikle\u015ftirildi\u011fi, sorumlulu\u011fun yeniden da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131sal ve ideolojik bir kurgunun sonucudur. (Bu sonucun da anla\u015f\u0131labilecek nedenlerini es ge\u00e7miyorum)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Film \u00f6zelinde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131zdaki en derin sorun \u015fudur: Politik \u015fiddetin tarihsel ve yap\u0131sal faili olan devlet, anlat\u0131 sahnesinden neden usulca geri \u00e7ekilir? Bu \u015fahsen benim a\u00e7\u0131mdan temel bir mesele. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc devleti \u00e7ekti\u011finiz veyahut bo\u015faltt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu merkeze k\u00fclt\u00fcr, a\u015firet ba\u011flar\u0131, din, zehirli erkeklik, ta\u015fra karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da evrensel bir insan do\u011fas\u0131 yerle\u015ftiriliyor. S\u00f6zgelimi, devletin g\u00fcvenlik politikalar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frudan bir sonucu olan&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/bianet.org\/etiket\/koruculuk-sistemi-9816\">koruculuk sistemi<\/a>, zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7ler veya k\u00f6ylerin yak\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi devasa yap\u0131sal m\u00fcdahaleler sanki hi\u00e7 ya\u015fanmam\u0131\u015f, hi\u00e7 o topraklara egemen bir g\u00fc\u00e7 taraf\u0131ndan dayat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f gibi davran\u0131l\u0131yor. H\u00e2l b\u00f6yle olunca, K\u00fcrt co\u011frafyas\u0131nda ge\u00e7en bir hik\u00e2ye, K\u00fcrtlerin ba\u015f\u0131na gelen, onlara uygulanan bir tarih olmaktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p; adeta K\u00fcrtlerin i\u00e7inden f\u0131\u015fk\u0131ran, onlar\u0131n kendi arkaik defolar\u0131ndan \u00fcreyen bir karanl\u0131k gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeye ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Seyirci, co\u011frafyay\u0131 insans\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131ran ve hukuku ask\u0131ya alan makro-iktidarla de\u011fil, birbirini yiyen, kendi paranoyalar\u0131nda bo\u011fulan kapal\u0131 bir toplulu\u011fun ilkel cinnetiyle ba\u015f ba\u015fa b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131yor. K\u00fcrt, bu cinnetin \u00f6znesi olarak, kendisine d\u00f6n\u00fck y\u00fczy\u0131ld\u0131r \u00fcretilen t\u00fcm arketiplere yeniden kucak a\u00e7t\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu anlat\u0131sal durumun teorik literat\u00fcrdeki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c\u015fiddetin k\u00fclt\u00fcrle\u015ftirilmesi\u201ddir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, \u015fiddeti siyasal ve yap\u0131sal nedenleriyle de\u011fil, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel kodlarla a\u00e7\u0131klama e\u011filimi olarak i\u015fler. \u015eiddetin a\u00e7\u0131klama \u00e7er\u00e7evesi; i\u00e7 s\u00f6m\u00fcrgecilik, asimilasyon veya m\u00fclks\u00fczle\u015ftirme gibi tarihsel zeminlerden kopar\u0131larak do\u011frudan \u201ca\u015firet yap\u0131s\u0131na\u201d, \u201cdini fanatizme\u201d veya \u201ccehalete\u201d ba\u011flan\u0131r. As\u0131l mesele, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 temel dinami\u011fi olan iktidar ili\u015fkilerinden tamamen yal\u0131t\u0131p, \u201cbunlar\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc b\u00f6yle\u201d fikrine indirgemektir. K\u00fcrt meselesine bu kadar yabanc\u0131 ve ink\u00e2r retori\u011finin b\u00f6ylesine yerle\u015fik oldu\u011fu bir toplumsal ger\u00e7eklikte, filmdeki t\u00fcm cehalete ve geri kalm\u0131\u015fl\u0131k halinin \u201cOrtalama bir K\u00fcrt k\u00f6y\u00fc zaten b\u00f6yledir! K\u00fcrtler zaten b\u00f6yle\u201d fikrine katk\u0131 verdi\u011fini de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekteyim. Y\u00f6netmenler genellikle bu tercihlerini, \u201cdar bir yerellikten \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p \u015fiddetin evrensel do\u011fas\u0131n\u0131, insanl\u0131k durumunu anlatmak\u201d gibi uluslararas\u0131 alanda kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k bulan arg\u00fcmanlarla savunsalar da bu evrenselle\u015ftirme giri\u015fiminin \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r bir bedeli vard\u0131r. Belirli bir etnik gruba y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddeti evrenselle\u015ftirmek, o \u015fiddeti \u00fcreten siyasal ba\u011flam\u0131n ay\u0131rt edicili\u011fini eriterek as\u0131l sorumluyu aklar ve meseleyi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir determinizme hapseder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static.bianet.org\/2026\/03\/adsiz-tasarim-2026-03-11t095245-020.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Devlet mimarisini yok saymak<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Peki, as\u0131l fail olan devletin bu derece silikle\u015ftirilmesi, adeta \u201cyokmu\u015f\u201d gibi davran\u0131lmas\u0131 nas\u0131l bir \u00e7er\u00e7eveye oturtulabilir? Devlet, yap\u0131sal olarak b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 yaratan fail iken sinemada nas\u0131l olup da g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez bir \u00f6zneye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015febiliyor? Nas\u0131l oluyor da buharla\u015fmas\u0131 yetmiyor, filmdeki neredeyse tek sa\u011fduyulu, mant\u0131kl\u0131 ve asker g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc \u00fczerinden \u201ciyi\u201d \u00f6zne haline gelebiliyor?<br><br>Galtung\u2019a g\u00f6re \u015fiddet sadece do\u011frudan teti\u011fi \u00e7eken el de\u011fildir; yasalar, kurumlar, g\u00fcvenlik rejimleri ve e\u015fitsiz d\u00fczenekler bizzat \u015fiddetin kendisini \u00fcretir.&nbsp;<em>Kurtulu\u015f&nbsp;<\/em>filmi, bu devlet mimarisini yok say\u0131p her \u015feyi bir \u201ckarakter kusuruna\u201d veya \u201cfeodal d\u00f6ng\u00fcye\u201d \u00e7evirdi\u011finde, politikan\u0131n tehlikeli bir \u015fekilde psikolojikle\u015ftirilmesine yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir di\u011fer durum, Ann Laura Stoler\u2019\u0131n ifade etti\u011fi&nbsp;<strong>kolonyal afazi&nbsp;<\/strong>tan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Afazi burada bir haf\u0131za kayb\u0131 veya unutma h\u00e2li de\u011fil; herkesin bildi\u011fi bir \u015fiddetin ad\u0131n\u0131 koyamama, onu do\u011fru politik \u00e7er\u00e7evede kuramama krizidir. Ekranda ortada bir enkaz vard\u0131r ama o enkaz\u0131n s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci s\u00fcreklili\u011fi telaffuz edilmez; ortaya failiyle ba\u011f\u0131 kopar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir haf\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Filme bak\u0131nca egemen bak\u0131\u015f, \u201cherkes kurban\u201d, \u201csava\u015f herkesi k\u00f6t\u00fcle\u015ftirir\u201d, \u201cas\u0131l mesele insan\u0131n i\u00e7indeki k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fck\u201d gibi e\u015fitleyici ve ahlaki sahte denklikler kurarak kendi su\u00e7 ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 siler. T\u00fcrkiye ba\u011flam\u0131nda buna \u201c\u00f6rg\u00fctl\u00fc g\u00f6rmeme\u201d demek uygun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor gibi. Kameran\u0131n as\u0131l akt\u00f6r\u00fc kadraj d\u0131\u015f\u0131na itmesi, Emin Alper\u2019in r\u00f6portajlar\u0131ndan hareketle, \u00f6zetle \u201cbir bilgi veya arka plan eksikli\u011fi\u201d olarak ifade ediliyor. K\u00fcrt sosyolojisi ger\u00e7e\u011finin filmde \u0131skaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ger\u00e7ektir. 2005 Nobel Edebiyat \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc alan \u0130ngiliz yazar Harold Pinter, genel manada ger\u00e7ek olan \u015feylerin etraf\u0131nda devasa bir propaganda perdesi oldu\u011fu ve bizlerin g\u00f6revinin de perdeyi y\u0131rtmak oldu\u011fu minvalinde s\u00f6z kurar. Filmden anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m Alper \u201cperde zaten y\u0131rt\u0131k, herkes g\u00f6r\u00fcyor\u201d diyor. Oysa \u00f6yle de\u011fil. Perdenin y\u0131rt\u0131k oldu\u011fu bilgisi, K\u00fcrt haf\u0131zas\u0131na dair bir m\u00fccadele konusudur. Maalesef \u00e7o\u011funluk g\u00f6rm\u00fcyor olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Emin Alper\u2019in iyi niyetle filmi \u00e7ekti\u011fini g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Fakat makro odak olan devlet, mikro alemde geziniyor. Bundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc ekranda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz K\u00fcrt \u00f6zneler konu\u015fsa bile s\u00f6zleri tan\u0131kl\u0131k de\u011fil, etno-psikolojik bir vaka malzemesi olarak t\u00fcketilecek d\u00fczeydedir. Koruculu\u011fu, k\u00f6y yak\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131, k\u00f6ydeki sava\u015f deh\u015fetini ve \u00f6l\u00fcmleri deneyimlemi\u015f biri olarak Emin Alper\u2019in \u00e7izdi\u011fi d\u00fcnyaya girmem zor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir\u00e7ok ger\u00e7e\u011fin alt\u0131 \u00e7izilirken esas ger\u00e7e\u011fi \u0131skal\u0131yor. Filmde Alper bir harita \u00e7iziyor. Haritada sadece iki a\u015firetin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 konumu, kavgalar\u0131, bir derg\u00e2h, sava\u015f\u0131 k\u00f6r\u00fckleyen kad\u0131nlar ve Mesut\u2019un k\u00e2buslar\u0131 var. Co\u011frafyan\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki jeopolitik tabaka, yani o topraklar\u0131n neden bu h\u00e2lde oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayan kay\u0131tlar pek yok. Seyirci, haritay\u0131 okurken arazi kavgas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyor; ama o arazinin m\u00fclkiyet tarihini, silahland\u0131rma politikas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u00fcyor. K\u00fcrt meselesinde bu durum b\u00f6yle oldu\u011fu s\u00fcrece \u00fcretilen her imge, \u015fiddeti k\u00fclt\u00fcrle\u015ftirip ta\u015fran\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcne y\u0131kmaktan ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez k\u0131l\u0131nan as\u0131l failin stat\u00fckosunu yeniden \u00fcretmekten \u00f6teye ge\u00e7emeyecek gibi. Bu durumda \u201ckurtulu\u015fa\u201d eren kimdir? (SB\/TY)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Karde\u015f haber kaynak:<a href=\"https:\/\/opennewsmedia.com\/2026\/03\/11\/kurtulus-siddetin-kulturlesmesi\/\">https:\/\/opennewsmedia.com\/2026\/03\/11\/kurtulus-siddetin-kulturlesmesi\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaynak:<a href=\"https:\/\/bianet.org\/\">https:\/\/bianet.org\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>11.03.2026 17:32 Koruculuk sistemini, k\u00f6y yakmalar\u0131n\u0131, k\u00f6yde ya\u015fanan sava\u015f\u0131n deh\u015fetini ve \u00f6l\u00fcmleri birebir deneyimlemi\u015f biri olarak Emin Alper\u2019in kurdu\u011fu d\u00fcnyaya girmek benim i\u00e7in kolay de\u011fil. 1993 y\u0131l\u0131nda koruculu\u011fu reddetti\u011fimiz i\u00e7in k\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fcz \u00e7e\u015fitli gerek\u00e7eler \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclerek yak\u0131ld\u0131. \u00dcstelik bu yaln\u0131zca bir kez olmad\u0131; tam \u00fc\u00e7 kez gelip k\u00f6y\u00fc ate\u015fe verdiler. Biz k\u00f6yden ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra ise yerle\u015fim&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":2409,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[30],"class_list":["post-2408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-sanat","tag-emin-alper"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/14.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2408","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2408"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2408\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2410,"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2408\/revisions\/2410"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2409"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2408"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2408"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dbsnewsmedia.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2408"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}